Neck Disability Index

Used to assess self‑reported neck pain–related functional disability in patients with acute or chronic neck pain, cervical radiculopathy, whiplash, or postsurgical cervical conditions. Validated as reliable, responsive, and unidimensional in large systematic reviews 1 [Level II evidence] and in diverse clinical populations 2 [Level II evidence]. Clinically useful for baseline severity, tracking treatment response, and interpreting meaningful change (~15%).

Quantifies neck-related disability across daily activities but is patient‑reported, making it sensitive to mood and catastrophizing. Ceiling effects limit detection of severe impairment; floor effects reduce sensitivity in mild cases. Scores may not correlate with objective physical findings and can fluctuate with non–neck-related pain. Not designed for surgical decision-making or prognostication. Avoid overinterpreting small score changes.